Introduction to electronic fuel injection systems fuel injection systems arose first with the mechanical injection. After hese appeared called electromechanical systems base their operation on a mechanical injection electronically assisted, through a last stage has been the emergence of 100% electronic systems. The electronic injection is based on the preparation of the mixture through the injection of fuel regulating doses electronically. Significant advantages over its predecessor the carburetor. The carburetor in basing its operation in a mechanics-only system, by failing to provide a precise blend of different gears necesitda presents hese irregularities, mainly low. This deermina an excessive fuel consmo adems of further contamination. Another situcacin that can occur with the carburetor mixes are mixed for each cylinder, forcing to generate a feed mixture to the cylinder that needs it most with a larger amount of fuel, this problem is solved if the electronic injection presents an injector in each cylinder to provide the exact amount of fuel to the cylinder requires, as evidenced Also in better utilization and better fuel consumption. The best dosage of fuel injection controlled taking into account the temperature and engine speed also allows a cold start and a shorter phase-efficient way of heating.
These reasons mentioned above also allow one of the advantages sought in the last decade, reducing environmental pollution. The electronic injection possible the exact flow of fuel is needed, exactly when it is required. This fuel-air ratio at all times during any engine run make it possible to reduce polluting gases. All this translates into increased power with improved thermal performance. Adems these systems allow us the possibility to optimize the design as a driver of admission which are made seeking use of aerodynamic flows, allowing one as fill the cylinders more efficiently, thus achieving more power. In summary we see that the main advantages of electronic fuel injection systems are the reduction of polluting gases, but with lower power consumption and improved engine operation at any Regman it. Classification of electronic injection systems One of the most listened classifications is based on the number of nozzles with single-point and multipoint-known names.
In the single point injection systems is presented only a single nozzle which provides fuel in the intake manifold. Multipoint systems in exchange have an injector for each cylinder. Other types of classifications include, according to the place where it is injected (direct or indirect injection) as the number of shots (continuous, intermittent) and according to their type of operation (injection mecanca, electromechanical and electronic). Then explain each in more detail. The indirect injection is generally used, refers to the system whereby the fuel is introduced into the intake colectror on the throttle, while direct injection operation based on the injection of fuel directly into the cylinder. This is newer and is spreading more and more models. In making the classification taking into account the number of shots we have the continuous injection, where fuel injectors continuously provides the intake manifolds. In the intermittent injection fuel is injected at intervals as determined by the control unit. The latter type is subdivided into three categories: sequential and simultaneous semisecuencial. In the sequential fuel injection with throttle open the injectors thus presenting a synchronized operation with them (acting all injectors at different times). In semisecuencial fuel is injected in pairs, ie the nozzles act in a two. The fuel is injected simultaneously together, acting all injectors at the same time. Finally we find the rates based on performance as classified in mechanical injection (K-Jetronic), electro (KE-Jetronic) and e (L-Jetronic, LE-Jetronic, Motronic and Dijijet among others).